Home | News    Friday 31 December 2004

FACTBOX-Key terms of pacts to end Sudan’s 21-year war

separation
increase
decrease
separation
separation

JPEG - 22.3 kb
From left to right, first row, Sudan People’s Liberation Movement leader John Garang, Sudanese President Omar El Bashir, Kenya’s Vice President Moodi Awori and South African President Thabo Mbeki, during the agreement signing ceremony. The Sudanese government and southern rebel officials signed a permanent cease-fire deal, in Naivasha, Kenya, Friday, Dec. 31. 2004 and endorsed a detailed plan on how they would implement an agreement to end a 21- year civil war in southern Sudan, . (AP)

NAIROBI, Dec 31 (Reuters) - Following are key terms of six peace protocols signed previously by the Sudanese government and Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) rebels, who have fought a civil war in the oil-producing south for 21 years.

The combatants signed two further protocols on Friday intended to seal a permanent truce and set out how to implement all the separate protocols, which together constitute a comprehensive peace deal.

The terms of the protocols apply to a so-called pre-interim period of six months following the final peace deal, and also to a further six-year interim period.

Machakos Protocol: Signed July 20, 2002

The people of southern Sudan will have the right to vote for secession at the end of a six-year interim period during which Islamic sharia law will apply in the north but not in the south.

Security arrangements: Signed Sept 25, 2003.

During the interim period there will be two armies — the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the SPLA.

The parties agree to an internationally monitored ceasefire which shall come into effect on the date a comprehensive peace agreement is signed.

Joint integrated forces to be deployed to southern Sudan, Nuba Mountains, Southern Blue Nile and Khartoum.

Wealth-sharing: Signed Jan 7, 2004

Fifty percent of net oil revenue derived from oil producing wells in southern Sudan shall be allocated to the government of southern Sudan at the beginning of the pre-interim period. The remaining 50 percent to go to the national government and states in northern Sudan.

An Islamic banking system shall operate in northern Sudan and a conventional banking system in southern Sudan.

Power-sharing: Signed May 26, 2004

Before elections, the national executive will be split with the ruling National Congress Party (NCP) taking 52 percent of the seats, the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) 28 percent, other northern parties 14 percent and other southern parties six percent.

The current SPLM chairman shall be first vice-president.

In a regional administration for northern Sudan, the NCP receives 70 percent of executive and legislative seats, the SPLM 10 percent and other southern political parties 20 percent.

In a southern government, the SPLM will take 70 percent of seats in the cabinet and assembly, with 15 percent each to other southern southern forces and the NCP.

Protocol on resolution of conflict in Nuba Mountains and Southern Blue Nile: Signed May 26, 2004

The executive and legislature in the two states will be split with 55 percent going to the NCP and 45 percent to the SPLM. There will be a rotating governorship with each side holding the office of governor for half the pre-election period.

Protocol on the resolution of conflict in Abyei: Signed May 26 2004.

Residents to be citizens of both north and south Sudan. Net oil revenues to be divided six ways during the interim period: 50 percent for the national government, 42 percent for the government of South Sudan, and two percent each for (southern) Bahr el Ghazal region, (northern) Western Kordofan, Ngok Dinka people and Misseriya people.

After interim period, Abyei may vote on whether to keep special administrative status in the north or become part of Bahr el Ghazal, a province of southern Sudan.

Comments on the Sudan Tribune website must abide by the following rules. Contravention of these rules will lead to the user losing their Sudan Tribune account with immediate effect.

- No inciting violence
- No inappropriate or offensive language
- No racism, tribalism or sectarianism
- No inappropriate or derogatory remarks
- No deviation from the topic of the article
- No advertising, spamming or links
- No incomprehensible comments

Due to the unprecedented amount of racist and offensive language on the site, Sudan Tribune tries to vet all comments on the site.

There is now also a limit of 400 words per comment. If you want to express yourself in more detail than this allows, please e-mail your comment as an article to comment@sudantribune.com

Kind regards,

The Sudan Tribune editorial team.

Comment on this article


 
 

The following ads are provided by Google. SudanTribune has no authority on it.



Sudan Tribune

Promote your Page too

Latest Comments & Analysis


National unity: a project for each and every South Sudanese 2013-05-21 14:23:01 By Jacob K. Lupai May 21, 2013 - South Sudan has just attained independence from an imposed unity that had failed miserably to take into account the objective realities on the ground. In the old (...)

Unity and reconciliation necessary for sustainable peace in Darfur 2013-05-21 14:19:47 By Adeeb Yousif May 20, 2013 -The biggest challenge in the Darfur conflict today is divisions. These divisions have created misunderstanding and mistrust within Darfurian society. Moreover they (...)

The Invasion of Abyei: two years of more agony 2013-05-20 05:39:13 By Luka Biong Deng May 19, 2013 - On 21st May 2013, the people of Abyei have spent two years of more agony and they will remember again the sad memories of how their lives and livelihoods were (...)


MORE




VIDEOS



Latest Press Releases


Sudan: Anatomy of a Conflict—New Report from Harvard Humanitarian Initiative 2013-05-22 00:46:46 Harvard Researchers Publish Satellite Imagery-Based History of Conflict in Sudan 2000+ Civilian Structures Appear Intentionally Destroyed; Humanitarian Agencies Targeted May 21, 2013 (...)

Wau Dialogue W. Bahr el-Ghazal state 13-15 May 2013 2013-05-13 14:41:35 South Sudan Law Society 13th-April-2013 Citizen of Western Bhar el-Ghazal State calls for limitations of President Powers and the Independence of Executive, Legislature and Judiciary and (...)

Sudan: Stepped-Up Assault on Media Freedom 2013-05-04 10:53:49 Human Rights Watch Sudan: Stepped-Up Assault on Media Freedom Newspapers, Other Media Censored, Confiscated, Shut Down MAY 3, 2013 (Nairobi) – Sudan should immediately stop censoring (...)


MORE

Copyright © 2003-2013 SudanTribune - All rights reserved.